A large number of computational models of information processing in the basal ganglia have been developed in recent years. Prominent in these are actor-critic models of basal ganglia functioning which ...

It’s impossible to overstate the importance of our brain. The organ, housed inside the skull and protected by a bony covering called the cranium, controls thought, memory, emotion, vision, and motor ...

Although cells in many brain regions respond to reward, the cortical-basal ganglia circuit is at the heart of the reward system. The key structures in this network are the anterior cingulate cortex, ...

Deep within each half of the brain lies the caudate nucleus. It’s responsible for processing visual information, movement, and memory. Dysfunction may cause conditions like dementia or Parkinson’s ...