In this review article, we discuss the synthesis and dynamic nature of macromolecular systems that have mechanically linked polymer chains capable of undergoing a topology transformation driven by a ...

Topology has journeyed from the purely mathematical arena to feature throughout physics. In the mid-twentieth century, George Gamow remarked that only number theory and topology had no application to ...

ATX power-supply designers tend to favor single-switch forward-converter topologies because they are simple and can power multiple, isolated outputs. However, the drawback of these approaches is that ...